CVE-2026-21413

CRITICAL SEVERITY

Executive Summary

VulnerabilityBuffer Overflow

A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the lossless_jpeg_load_raw functionality of LibRaw Commit 0b56545 and Commit d20315b. A specially crafted malicious file can lead to a heap buffer overflow. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.

Quantitative Risk Analysis

9.8CVSS v3.1 BASE
67.7OSVAULT RISK
EPSS Probability
0.1% (chance of exploit in 30 days)
Exploit Maturity
UNPROVEN

Attack Vector Profile

The payload vectors broken down by magnitude impact and ease-of-deployment factor mapping.

Attack VectorNetworkAttack ComplexityLowPrivileges RequiredNoneUser InteractionNoneScopeUnchangedConfidentiality ImpactHighIntegrity ImpactHighAvailability ImpactHigh
Raw Vector ArrayCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

What This Means For Your System

Each point below is derived directly from this CVE's CVSS v3.1 vector — not editorial opinion.

1

Exploitable remotely over the internet — no physical or local access needed.

2

No special preconditions — the attack is reliably repeatable.

3

No authentication required — unauthenticated attackers can exploit directly.

4

No user interaction required — the attacker acts autonomously.

5

Successful exploitation causes: full data confidentiality breach, complete integrity compromise, total service availability loss.

OsVault Risk Score Methodology

The OsVault composite score is a 5-layer non-linear engine — not a simple weighted average. Each input signal is transformed through mathematically appropriate curves before blending, ensuring that exploitability context overrides raw severity when warranted.

LayerSignalThis CVETransformed Value
L1Technical SeverityCVSS 9.8/1097.0 (piecewise exponential × vector modifiers)
L2Threat IntelligenceEPSS 0.053% · Unproven28.0 (sigmoid EPSS k=40 + maturity tier base)
L3CISA KEV StatusNot listedNo floor applied
Composite: 50% Technical + 40% Threat + 10% Context67.68

Layer 1 (Technical): CVSS is mapped through a piecewise exponential curve with 4 bands (LOW 0–20, MEDIUM 20–55, HIGH 55–85, CRITICAL 85–100), then multiplied by full CVSS vector decomposition factors for Attack Vector, Complexity, Privileges, and User Interaction.

Layer 2 (Threat): Raw EPSS is passed through a logistic sigmoid (k=40, midpoint=0.05) to maximize discrimination in the decision-relevant range. The result is added to an exploit maturity tier base score (Weaponized: 85, Functional: 55, PoC: 40, Unproven: 18).

Layer 3 (KEV Floor):Any CVE in CISA's catalog receives a hard minimum of 93.0 (Functional) or 97.0 (Weaponized). This ensures confirmed exploitation is never buried by low CVSS scores.

Scores ≥70: patch immediately. 40–69: schedule within current sprint. Below 40: standard maintenance cycle.

CPE Identifiers

Common Platform Enumeration (CPE) names mapped to this advisory by the National Vulnerability Database.

cpe:2.3:a:libraw:libraw:0.22.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:libraw:libraw:0.22.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

Relevant Threat Intelligence

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