Executive Summary
Hirschmann HiLCOS devices OpenBAT, WLC, BAT300, BAT54 prior to 8.80 and OpenBAT prior to 9.10 are shipped with identical default SSH and SSL keys that cannot be changed, allowing unauthenticated remote attackers to decrypt or intercept encrypted management communications. Attackers can perform man-in-the-middle attacks, impersonate devices, and expose sensitive information by leveraging the shared default cryptographic keys across multiple devices.
Quantitative Risk Analysis
Attack Vector Profile
The payload vectors broken down by magnitude impact and ease-of-deployment factor mapping.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:NWhat This Means For Your System
Each point below is derived directly from this CVE's CVSS v3.1 vector — not editorial opinion.
Exploitable remotely over the internet — no physical or local access needed.
No special preconditions — the attack is reliably repeatable.
No authentication required — unauthenticated attackers can exploit directly.
No user interaction required — the attacker acts autonomously.
Successful exploitation causes: full data confidentiality breach, limited data modification.
OsVault Risk Score Methodology
The OsVault composite score is a 5-layer non-linear engine — not a simple weighted average. Each input signal is transformed through mathematically appropriate curves before blending, ensuring that exploitability context overrides raw severity when warranted.
Layer 1 (Technical): CVSS is mapped through a piecewise exponential curve with 4 bands (LOW 0–20, MEDIUM 20–55, HIGH 55–85, CRITICAL 85–100), then multiplied by full CVSS vector decomposition factors for Attack Vector, Complexity, Privileges, and User Interaction.
Layer 2 (Threat): Raw EPSS is passed through a logistic sigmoid (k=40, midpoint=0.05) to maximize discrimination in the decision-relevant range. The result is added to an exploit maturity tier base score (Weaponized: 85, Functional: 55, PoC: 40, Unproven: 18).
Layer 3 (KEV Floor):Any CVE in CISA's catalog receives a hard minimum of 93.0 (Functional) or 97.0 (Weaponized). This ensures confirmed exploitation is never buried by low CVSS scores.
Scores ≥70: patch immediately. 40–69: schedule within current sprint. Below 40: standard maintenance cycle.